我去买硬盘

本来是陪着师兄去买电脑的，但总觉得不能白去一趟中关村，经过一夜潜意识中的思考，我下定决心再买一块硬盘。这个决心一下，我经历了几个人生的第一次。
第一次缴税：以前买东西也不能说没缴过税，但毕竟税款都包括在了商品的价格中，自己也没有什么感觉。今天倒好，花了1000大洋买硬盘，为了开发票还得我自己缴47.5元的税款。我就纳闷了为什么商品增值税要让消费者缴呢？
第一次要节衣缩食过生活了：根据我的经验大学生需要节衣缩食过生过的除了家庭条件本身比较困难的学生外就剩下交女友的，玩网游的还有被黑社会组织威胁的了，而向我这样家庭管的比较宽松，整天待在实验室中，大门不出，二门不进除了吃没别的嗜好的“乖孩子”居然也会节衣缩食 ，真是......现在数了数钱包里的现金也只剩下170块钱，要让我活一个月的话真的需要精打细算了，从今天开始，每笔款项的进出都要记账！
第一次又被忽悠：这一次卖硬盘我总觉得又被忽悠了，本来是准备买一块160G希捷的硬盘的，可在海龙和鼎好转来转去，也没有发现那里有专卖的。好容易找了一个散摊，价钱也比较合适。没想到他们不卖我看中的那款硬盘盒，在我踌躇之际，商家便拿出了我将要买的那款320G迈拓的硬盘（带硬盘盒，是希捷公司生产的专门用来作为机外存储设备的非便携式移动硬盘。）同时给我‘晓以大义“不一会儿，便把我给套进去了，就这样1000大洋不知不觉地就没了。

革命尚未成功，同志仍须努力。

登陆blog进入控制台的时候，不经意的看到google blog的logo中“beta"上打了个大叉，想必这个blog终于可以告别试用，进入正式的运营阶段了。真是不容易啊，说起来我也试用了不少网站提供的博客了，而google的博客与新浪，网易的想必总觉得和国人的距离比较远，而且似乎它在国外的影响力也不大。唉，看来我的博客的浏览量要想上去，不仅靠我自己的努力，google公司也得努力啊

我又坚持了一次正义！

今天闲来无事在淘宝上逛商场，突发奇想觉得不如自己也开个店吧。可本身学的是生物，我也没有别的专长，最多也就能开个代察文献之类的店。
心动不如行动，说干也就干了起来，但待一切都准备好时，总觉得心里不踏实，有负罪感，毕竟拿学校的资源当作个人致富的砝码是不道德的。再加上我个人比较相信因果报应，也只好收手了。

悲惨的音乐鉴赏考试分数

虽说是四年级，选修课及格也就完了，不过给的成绩也太扯淡了。 总共60个人选课，我第58名。要是我缺过课，或者没有考试，再或者考试很多题都没答吧，我也就不说啥了。每道题都答了，而且能够保证填空和听辨基本都正确的情况下还得了这个分数....... 更令人可气的是，似乎我后面的那两个兄弟是因为期中考试没参加。也就是说我倒数第一了，分数倒是不重要，重要的是丢不起那人啊。我就*了
更丢人的是这是我大学以来选修课的最低分了，不能忍了

female scientists

every time when I read the or magazine, it is so strange that they always invite some famous female scientists to write some tiny issues to support the feminism or to call for the proper rights for female coming into the science. although i do not have any bias to female, in my opinion, those magazine should not waste so much room, but to offer more opportunities for other hard-working scientists to express their ideas or results.
however, today when i surf on the Internet and pick up some information about the female Nobel prize laureates, i almost give up my former thought, because no matter how boring the feminists are, the truth is, there is still sexual discrimination in the science field.
here i would like to post some tables to support my conclusion.

List of female laureates

Nobel Prize in Chemistry
1911: Marie Curie
1935: Irène Joliot-Curie
1964: Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin

Nobel Prize in Physics
1903: Marie Curie
1963: Maria Goeppert Mayer

Nobel Prize in Physiology/Medicine
1947: Gerty Cori
1977: Rosalyn Sussman Yalow
1983: Barbara McClintock
1986: Rita Levi-Montalcini
1988: Gertrude Elion
1995: Christiane Nüsslein-Volhard
2004: Linda B. Buck

Nobel Prize in Literature
1909: Selma Lagerlöf
1926: Grazia Deledda
1928: Sigrid Undset
1938: Pearl Buck
1945: Gabriela Mistral
1966: Nelly Sachs
1991: Nadine Gordimer
1993: Toni Morrison
1996: Wislawa Szymborska
2004: Elfriede Jelinek

Nobel Peace Prize
1905: Bertha von Suttner
1931: Jane Addams
1946: Emily Greene Balch
1976: Betty Williams
1976: Mairead Corrigan
1979: Mother Teresa
1982: Alva Myrdal
1991: Aung San Suu Kyi
1992: Rigoberta Menchú
1997: Jody Williams
2003: Shirin Ebadi
2004: Wangari Maathai

Noble Economics prize
None

难以理解的发烧友

古代音乐鉴赏课这一周就要结课了，回想起来，这一段时间我对于古典音乐的追捧不可谓不狂热——处处以发烧友的标准要求自己——无论是购买的正版CD还是从网上下载的ape高品质音乐，那是非三星带花不收的。可等到现在逐渐冷静下来了后，又觉得自己很幼稚，甚至还觉得那些发烧友们有点儿可悲了。
所谓三星带花，主要是指企鹅音乐指南聘请的一些音乐专家对于发行的cd的评价，这里面虽然包含了一些演奏家演奏好坏，即是否能更准确地再现作曲家们的思想的因素，但更多的是考虑cd所录的音质的好坏——这也正是为数不少的发烧友们所追求的，音质的绝对纯美。在我看来，他们是在听声音，而不是在听音乐。他们的态度似乎并不在通过音乐与大师们交流，从而净化自己的心灵，达到更高的精神境界。而仅仅为了他们比常人似乎更为灵敏的耳朵的享受。这正如读书，他们更多的注意的是这些文字是不是优美，而忘记了作者在文字之下所要表达的更深的含义；这正如品尝美食，他们在吃的时候更为注重食材是否美味，而忽视了各种食材的搭配所产生的总体的意境。
对于个人来讲，每个人欣赏音乐都有着自己独特的目的，这本来是无可厚非的，但偏偏有那么个别人，非要标榜自己为所谓的发烧友，抱着超高价的音响设备和cd，讨论这一个do音由于过于混浊，而使得耳朵多么的受折磨，无法忍受，叮呤咣啷一大套理论砸出来，把一些向我这样本来对着音乐没有多少了解，抱着学习的态度试图靠近他们的新手搞得晕头转向，误入了歧途。
发烧者，神志不清也，既然叫了这个名字，就乖乖的在家里养病的了，出来如同革命旗手般的大喊大叫，不怕由发烧变为中风吗？

美丽的外国人

今天去中科院高能物理研究所办事情，路过专家招待所的时候，看到一个会议刚刚结束，不少外国人正在打包收拾行李，本来这也没什么可看的。无奈我视野太宽，眼睛太尖，就在这么一扫得功夫，发现了几个美女。哈哈，本来由于早上没吃饭而咕噜咕噜只叫的肚皮顿时感到了充实许多——没办法，秀色可餐嘛。

虽然满足了自己的审美需求，但我却总是怀疑看到的究竟是不是美女。人造不人造暂且不说，就只东西方审美上的差异一条，足以让我把传说中的东施看成貂蝉。要不然怎么经常会出现一些在国内根本没法拿出门的脸，放在国外却总能套牢一个“汤姆.克鲁斯”呢？

中秋做诗一首

现在的软件功能真是越来越强大 ，今天在网上看到一个做诗得软件，并且牛刀小试了一把。哈哈

中秋抒怀

夜里，月光复明

寒宫里的吴刚，开始

双斧伐桂树！

美人和兔儿，它们都会到来

可是，明眼人

世上赏月的明眼人啊

倚在忧愁的的锋刃上，

你们，踯躅轻狂，如风刈茅

黄色颜色的

腐鱼骨头，开始孤寂的了

也许，会有桂花的清恬

从岩石里溢出。

那些传说，关于鱼儿的巢穴

鱼儿的锦绣味道

以及，思念

一切，都会在这场巧合的月光浴洗中

复归这，小船邬遗落的情怀

我以黄色的心情，试图将漆黑的末路

一一粉饰，就着唐时上好的月光

在这里，荒原

秦汉的要塞，因我的冷清的

漆黑的昨天，是否洞开一道黎明的光疤

于，这个明日来临前的

中秋时分

Main events of women right in history

I've found some documents about the main events of women right in history, it might be useful for some guys besides me ,so I post it on my blog. anybody who is interested in this topic could get in touch with me and exchange our opinions.

1792

A Call for Women's Rights

Influenced by the ideas of the American and French Revolutions, the English writer Mary Wollstonecraft calls for the full participation of women in the rights and duties of citizenship. Her A Vindication of the Rights of Women becomes a foundation for the woman suffrage movement.

1807

Napoleonic Code Officially Issued

A lasting legacy of the French Revolution, the Code Napoléon lays down a uniform civil law code throughout French domains. It becomes a model for other modern nations. The Code guarantees individual rights for men, but treats women as inferior, drawing a limit to the application of liberal ideas about citizenship.

1831

George Sand

Bored with married life in the country, Amandine Aurore Lucile has left her husband and moves to Paris. She will become a prolific writer and outspoken feminist, publishing under the pseudonym George Sand. Known as much for her flamboyant lifestyle as for her writing, she shocks Paris with her cigar smoking, men's clothing, and many lovers.

1836

Grimkés Condemn Slavery and Women's Status

American abolitionists Sarah and Angeline Grimké give a series of lectures at women’s abolition organizations on the evils of slavery. The speeches are delivered in public, in defiance of accepted standards at the time. Public uproar ensues, and the sisters are strongly criticized by clergy members for behaving like men. In response to their critics, the Grimkés compare the plight of white women to that of black slaves. They also affirm that men and women are created equal, and that women should be allowed to do whatever men are allowed to do.

1837

First Women’s Seminary

Mary Mason Lyon founds Mount Holyoke Female Seminary. Located in South Hadley, Massachusetts, it is the first institution of higher education for women in the United States.

1848

Seneca Falls Convention

At a convention organized by social reformer Elizabeth Cady Stanton, United States woman suffragists convene to discuss equality in education, marriage, and property. Having been denied participation at the World Anti-slavery Conference in London, the women discuss the contradiction of fighting against slavery when they themselves are not allowed to vote.

1848

New York Passes Married Women's Property Act

New York State passes the Married Women's Property Act. The law permits married women to attain and keep assets apart from their husbands. This is the first law in the United States to define with certainty the lawfully independent identity of married women.

1851

"Ain't I a Woman?"

Sojourner Truth delivers her feminist speech, 'Ain't I a Woman?' at an Akron, Ohio, women’s rights forum. An ex-slave and abolitionist, Truth is known for her stirring oratory skills and life-long commitment to equality and human rights.

1859

John Stuart Mill Writes "On Liberty"

British philosopher and social theorist John Stuart Mill adds a humanitarian dimension to the doctrine of utilitarianism. He advocates women's rights, proportional representation, and farm cooperatives. “On Liberty” is his most famous essay; he also writes Utilitarianism in 1863.

1868 - 1870

African Americans Extended Citizenship Rights

Congress passes and the states ratify two amendments to the Constitution of the United States that extend citizenship rights to African Americans. The 14th Amendment grants citizenship to all persons born or naturalized in the United States. The 15th Amendment confers on all male adult citizens the right to vote, which shall not be denied “on account of race, color or previous condition of servitude.' Although complete voting rights for blacks will not be achieved for another century, the ratification of the 14th and 15th Amendments encourages women’s rights advocates to press for female suffrage.

May 1869

National Woman Suffrage Association Created

Frustrated with lack of support from abolitionists, feminists Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Susan B. Anthony form the National Woman Suffrage Association to press for voting rights for women. Formerly loyal followers of the abolitionist movement, Anthony and Stanton establish their new organization in response to the abolitionists’ exclusion of a platform on women’s voting rights from a proposed constitutional amendment on black-male suffrage. Abolitionists fear that the issue of women’s suffrage might sabotage passage of the amendment.

1872

Susan B. Anthony Votes

Asserting her belief that the 15th Amendment to the United States Constitution allows women to vote, Susan B. Anthony and other women cast ballots for U.S. president in New York State. Anthony is later arrested, tried, and fined, but her act inspires others to press for women’s suffrage.

1873

Bradwell v. The State of Illinois

Unable to practice law in Illinois because she is a woman, Myra Bradwell, an attorney from Vermont, sues the state, citing 14th Amendment protections. Under the amendment, citizens’ rights granted by the federal government cannot be overridden by individual states. Her case makes its way to the Supreme Court of the United States. The Supreme Court justices defeat the suit in a nine to one vote, however, ruling that a woman’s place is in the 'domestic sphere.'

1892

Women Vote in New Zealand

Women gain the vote in New Zealand, the first country to grant women’s suffrage. Women vote in the federal elections of 1902, beginning a wave of women's suffrage around the world.

1898

Women and Economics

American feminist, writer, and lecturer Charlotte Perkins Gilman publishes Women and Economics, a landmark of the women’s movement in the United States. Gilman challenges the contemporary social conventions that overemphasize women’s roles as sexual partners and mothers, arguing that these roles have made women dependent on the financial security of men. She advocates economic independence that would allow women to develop into fully self-sufficient individuals.

1903

Women's Social and Political Union

A faction of British suffragists, weary of the timidity of mainstream groups advocating the vote for women, break away and establish the Women's Social and Political Union. Led by radical feminist Emmeline Pankhurst, these suffragists soon become known for the militant actions they take to forward their cause.

1906 - 1919

Woman Suffrage Sweeps Europe

Women gain the right to vote throughout Europe, as Finland extends the vote to women in 1906, Norway does so in 1913, Denmark in 1915, and The Netherlands and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics in 1917. Austria, Czechoslovakia, Germany, Poland, and Sweden allow women to vote in 1919.

1916

National Women's Party Formed

American women's rights advocates Alice Paul and Lucy Burns establish the National Women's Party to agitate for female suffrage. In contrast to other women’s suffrage leaders, Paul and Burns view voting rights for women as merely a starting point on the road to complete equality between the sexes. The party will become an ardent supporter of an Equal Rights Amendment to the Constitution in the 1920s.

1918

British Women Gain the Vote

The British Parliament grants women the vote, with some limitations. Not until 1928 will Parliament extend to women the same voting rights exercised by men.

1920

American Women Get the Vote

Ratification of the 19th Amendment to the Constitution of the United States grants women the vote. In a campaign organized by the National American Woman Suffrage Association (NAWSA) and its leader, Carrie Chapman Catt, women finally gain the rights fought for by American feminist Elizabeth Cady Stanton in the 1840s and campaigned for by American women’s rights advocate Susan B. Anthony in the late 19th century.

1920

U.S. Government Forms Women's Bureau

The Women's Bureau of the Department of Labor is created in response to the large numbers of women entering the American work force during and after World War I. While promoting better working conditions for women, the bureau also supports protective legislation, which some opponents believe undermines female equality.

1921

Margaret Sanger Advocates Birth Control

American Margaret Sanger, who coins the term 'birth control' in The Woman Rebel, founds the American Birth Control League. The family-planning advocacy organization becomes the Planned Parenthood Federation in 1946.

1923

U.S. Congress Rejects Equal Rights Amendment

The Congress of the United States fails to garner the two-thirds majority needed to pass an Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) to the Constitution. Alice Paul and her National Women’s Party draft the amendment, which stipulates equal legal status for women. The amendment’s failure is due in part to opposition from labor leaders and reformers, who fear equal rights laws would harm working-class women by placing protective legislation in jeopardy.

1946 - 1948

Women's Suffrage in East Asia

Women gain the right to vote in Japan in 1946, in China in 1947, and in South Korea in 1948.

1947

UN Commission on the Status of Women

The Commission on the Status of Women (CSW) is created under the auspices of the United Nations to be the focal point of international efforts to promote women's rights. In incidents of exceptional women’s rights abuses, the CSW plays an important role by encouraging international action to stop such activity and to hold violators responsible.

1949

Beauvoir Writes The Second Sex

French novelist and existentialist writer Simone de Beauvoir publishes Le deuxième sexe (The Second Sex, 1953). A classic feminist treatise, the penetrating essay examines the low status of women in society.

1955

Daughters of Bilitis Founded

Women in San Francisco, California, form the Daughters of Bilitis, the first lesbian organization in the United States. Named after Chansons de Bilitis, Sapphic love poetry by French writer Pierre Lou?s, the group seeks to win acceptance for lesbians in American society.

1960

First Oral Contraceptive

The first oral contraceptive, developed by American biologist Gregory G. Pincus and colleagues in the 1950s, is approved following successful field trials in Haiti and Puerto Rico.

1961

U.S. Commission on the Status of Women

John F. Kennedy creates the Commission on the Status of Women, becoming the first American president to form an executive panel to study women’s issues. The commission's 1963 report will expose discrimination against women in employment, detailing inequality in the pay and legal status of women.

1963

Friedan Pens The Feminine Mystique

American writer and feminist Betty Friedan publishes The Feminine Mystique. In her best-selling book, Friedan claims that the idealization of women’s domestic roles is actually a means to keep women subordinate to men. The critique inspires a new generation of women to join the movement for women’s liberation.

1963 - 1995

America's Wage Gap Between Sexes

The average American female worker earns 58.9 percent of the average male worker's earnings. By 1995 the gap narrows: women make 71.4 percent of an average male’s income. Although statistics suggest that women’s pay has moved closer to parity with that of men, a significant salary disparity persists between the sexes in the United States.

1963

Equal Pay Act Passes U.S. Congress

Congress votes the Equal Pay Act into law, making it illegal to pay men and women different wages for the same work. Despite the law's intent and import, it proves hard to enforce and offers few economic gains for women.

1964

Civil Rights Act

President Lyndon B. Johnson sponsors landmark civil rights legislation that bans discrimination in public places, as well as discrimination in employment on the basis of race, gender, or national origin. Congress passes the Voting Rights Act one year later.

1964

Title VII of Civil Rights Act

Virginia Congressman Howard W. Smith unwittingly becomes an ally of the women’s movement when he adds the word sex to the Title VII amendment of the Civil Rights Act. Smith hopes this addition will prevent the act’s passage. However, with the urging of some key women members of Congress, the legislation is enacted, advancing the cause of women’s rights. The act bans employment discrimination based on gender as well as race, color, and ethnic origin.

1965

Griswold v. Connecticut

The Supreme Court of the United States rules against the state of Connecticut in a lawsuit brought by Estelle Griswold, Connecticut’s director of Planned Parenthood Federation of America. Connecticut authorities had convicted Griswold of violating a Connecticut law that prohibited giving advice on contraception. The high court overturns Griswold’s conviction, determining the law violates individuals’ constitutional right to privacy. The Supreme Court decision liberalizes access to birth control.

1966

National Organization for Women Founded

Author Betty Friedan helps found the National Organization for Women (NOW). NOW promotes feminist issues and works to promote the Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) banning sex discrimination. Congress passes the ERA in 1972, but the states fail to ratify the constitutional amendment.

September 07, 1968

Miss America Protest

Feminists stage a flamboyant protest of the Miss America Pageant, characterizing it as a beauty contest that exploits and demeans women. They nominate a sheep for Miss America and throw objects that they consider instruments of women's oppression—bras and high heels, for example—into a 'freedom trash can.'

1970

Germaine Greer Publishes The Female Eunuch

Australian writer Germaine Greer authors her revolutionary The Female Eunuch. The book, which criticizes traditional family structures and promotes women’s liberation, will become a controversial bestseller. Greer follows the book’s publication with a high-profile publicity tour, helping increase public awareness of the concerns of the women’s movement.

August 26, 1970

Women's Strike for Equality

Sponsored by the National Organization for Women (NOW), The Women's Strike for Equality takes place on the 50th anniversary of women's suffrage in America. Along with celebrating voting rights for women, strikers march for abortion rights, workplace rights, and passage of the Equal Rights Amendment (ERA). The mass demonstration reveals the power of the women's movement in the 1970s and leads to major growth in NOW's membership.

1971

Gloria Steinem Founds Ms. Magazine

American journalist and political activist Gloria Steinem creates the feminist publication Ms. magazine along with publisher Patricia Carbine. Steinem serves as the publication’s first editor. She also founds the National Women's Political Caucus with writer Betty Friedan and politicians Bella Abzug and Shirley Chisholm. The caucus is intended to increase the participation of women in politics.

January 1973

Roe v. Wade

In the case Roe v. Wade, the Supreme Court of the United States rules that states cannot restrict women's access to abortions in the first two trimesters of pregnancy. The landmark ruling gives women in the United States a constitutional right to abortion and is seen as a victory for many women’s rights organizations and those supporting reproductive rights. The decision is vehemently opposed, however, by a number of religious and pro-life groups and by others who believe life begins at conception.

1975 - 1985

UN Organizes Decade for Women

The United Nations arranges the Decade for Women, an international effort to bring attention to women’s concerns. During the ten-year period, conferences are held around the world to discuss topics such as women’s rights and economic development. These events bring awareness of women’s issues to many poorer and less-educated women who dwell outside the traditional realm of the women's movement.

1976

U.S. Military Academies Admit Women

Federally operated United States military academies open their doors to women, earning the dubious distinction of being among the last institutions of higher learning in America to become coeducational. Oberlin College in Oberlin, Ohio, was the first coeducational college in the United States, allowing women to attend the school starting in 1833.

1979

Population Control in China

In order to curb population growth, in 1979 Chinese authorities create a one-child-per-family policy. Because male children are often regarded as more economically valuable, female infanticides increase.

1982

Equal Rights Amendment Fails Ratification

Defeated by United States Congress in its initial attempt in 1923, the Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) was brought before the body again in 1972. The National Organization for Women and other feminist organizations succeeded in lobbying Congress to approve the ERA, and it was sent along for ratification by the states. Despite an extension of the deadline for ratification, after ten years the ERA has gained the approval of only 35 of the 38 states required to amend the Constitution. Opponents, led by activist Phyllis Schlafly, contributed to the defeat of the ERA, maintaining that the amendment would take away women’s unique status and prevent legal limits on abortion.

1986

U.S. Supreme Court Rules on Sexual Harassment

In the suit Meritor Savings Bank v. Vinson, the Supreme Court of the United States finds that sexual harassment is a form of sex discrimination. Sex discrimination is prohibited under Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964. The court’s ruling endorses the notion that a 'hostile or offensive environment' constitutes sexual harassment.

1988

Benazir Bhutto Elected

Pakistan’s president Zulfikar Ali Bhutto is imprisoned, then executed after a coup by General Zia ul-Haq. His daughter, Benazir Bhutto, heads the Pakistan People's Party and calls for free elections, facing brief imprisonment herself. After Zia dies, Bhutto's party wins the election and she becomes prime minister. Bhutto is the first woman to be elected head of an Islamic country.

1990

Naomi Wolf Authors The Beauty Myth

American writer and feminist Naomi Wolf publishes The Beauty Myth: How Images of Beauty Are Used Against Women. In the controversial bestseller, Wolf argues that idealized female beauty is used to control women. The book’s success reignites interest in the women's movement and makes Wolf a role model for feminists in the 1990s.

1991

Thomas Confirmation Hearings

At Senate hearings on United States Supreme Court nominee Judge Clarence Thomas, law professor Anita Hill testifies that she suffered sexual harassment by Thomas while working for him during the 1980s. Thomas vehemently denies the allegations and the Senate narrowly confirms his nomination. Despite Thomas’s confirmation, Hill’s testimony during the nationally televised hearings sparks widespread public debate over sexual harassment in the workplace.

1991

Susan Faludi Writes Backlash

American journalist and feminist Susan Faludi publishes Backlash: The Undeclared War Against American Women. Her book, a surprise bestseller, makes the case that blaming feminism and the advancements of the women’s movement for discontent among women is unfair. Faludi points to social pressure to move away from the feminist cause as the real culprit in women’s unhappiness.

1994

Violence Against Women Act

The Congress of the United States approves a measure to devote $800 million of government money to help prevent domestic violence, particularly violence against women. The statute makes crossing state lines to break a restraining order a federal offense. Moreover, the law makes it illegal for persons under a restraining order to own guns.

转载一篇文章。

今天在论坛上看到了一篇文章论述政治经济学的，可算是表达了我的心声了。


正文：
作者：李从国

中国为什么没有经济学呢.现代最发达的理论经济学,是西方经济学.其研究对象是资源的稀缺性和人的需要问题.是从研究人与资源的关系,是紧贴着人来研究的.应用经济学,完全来自于西,今天的金融、贸易、证券、财务、会计、审计等应用经济学，则全部来自西方。

我 国传统的经济学，即政治经济学，从来是天空天上的东西，与人的衣食住行相隔十万八千里的东西。这个经济学是从苏联进口的。直到今天，这个传统的政治经济学 也只有资本主义部分，社会主义部分一直没写出来。那么，我们九十年代以前考大学的学子们所考的政治经济学，实际只包括资本主义部分。我们是社会主义的劳动 者消费者建设者，而时到今天，连政治经济学的社会主义部分都没写出来，没成体系。我们是学了一辈子的政治经济学，学的不是建设的本领，学的主要是批判资本 主义。而学了半个世纪后，改革开放来了，资本家从外国不需要武装开道就大摇大摆地来中国做上宾，这们这群学政治经济学专门以批判资本主义垂死、万恶、腐朽 为本事的学子们，统统不是玩艺了，连自己都觉得自己从可爱变成了可笑。其中有反省悟性想丢弃所学的，似有所悟，稍有可悲。而那些坚持所学的，便开始为自己 所学的连狗都不吃的“屎学问”找新的市场，于是乎，传统政治经济学加上可耻，形成了今天假大空臭烂的伪政治经济学。

记住，当年传 统的政治经济学，研究的是生产关系。什么是生产关系呢？解释为：人们在生产过程中彼此结成的关系。政治经济学中的生产关系，从头到脚都讲阶级性，讲立场。 天哪，这是什么东西学问。这东西既对建设没用处，又专研究一些“既做婊子又立牌坊”的东西，苦煞人。研究什么人与人的关系，还不如研究男女关系明白有趣。

这方面的东西不多讲，靠大家去悟。